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Fundamentals of Graduate Research in Education

1. What are two hypotheses that were tested in the study? Are they directional or non-directional hypotheses?
2. What is the independent variable in this study and what are the factor levels?
3. What are the causes and what are the effects being tested (at the construct level)?
4. What are the operational dependent variables actually used in this study (i.e., how are the dependent variables operationalized)?
5. What are the covariates used in this study?

WEBSITE FOR THE ARTICLE TO COMPLETE ASSIGNMENT: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1207%2Fs15324796abm3301_2

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NOTES: 1 The full reference can be found in the Reading List. 2 These need to be two distinctly different hypotheses, which can reasonably be inferred from the article, not a null and alternative version of the same research question or comparison.